Alcohol dependence (Alcoholism) refers to a condition in which drinking goes beyond a person’s control. The primary feature of addiction is loss of control-drinking excessively and compulsively. There is a constant craving for alcohol. When alcohol is unavailable, withdrawal symptoms such as trembling of the hands and legs, excessive sweating, sleeplessness, and irritability may occur. Alcohol gradually takes priority over everything else in life. It is at this point that the relevance of psychological treatment approaches becomes increasingly important.
One must also accept the reality that alcohol consumption can lead to fatal illnesses such as alcoholic cirrhosis. This is not a sudden death; rather, it often results in years of prolonged illness and suffering. Alcohol can also destroy memory to such an extent that a person may fail to recognize loved ones and wander aimlessly. It is important to note that, fearing the loss of mental peace, many tend to deny these realities or attempt to escape from them (denial).
Once these realities are accepted, a firm decision to stop drinking must be made. Thereafter, consulting a mental health professional is essential. Sudden cessation of alcohol may lead to tremors and other withdrawal symptoms, which require medication. Moreover, stopping alcohol abruptly can cause several physical and psychological disturbances. This is why many people relapse after attempting to quit once. However, these discomforts can be effectively managed with appropriate medication, reducing the urge to resume drinking.
It takes about one week for the body to completely eliminate toxic substances caused by alcohol consumption. During this period, detoxifying medicines, vitamin B supplements, adequate rest, nutritious food, and plenty of water are required. Psychiatrists are specialists trained in managing this phase of treatment. This stage is known as detoxification. Once a patient successfully completes detoxification, preventive measures are necessary to avoid relapse. Today, medications that reduce alcohol craving (anti-craving drugs) are available. With regular use of these medicines, a significant percentage of individuals are able to lead an alcohol-free life.
A common question that troubles alcohol-dependent individuals is: What will replace alcohol in my life if I quit? At this stage, the support of family members and friends becomes extremely valuable. The individual may need help in developing new occupations, recreational activities, and healthy friendships. Counseling support is also essential. As far as possible, temptations from friends and alcohol-serving social functions should be avoided. Participation in such events is advisable only after a long period of abstinence and after gaining strong self-confidence.
If a person drinks once after a long period of abstinence, it should be treated strictly as a single lapse. The argument, “I have already had a drink, so I might as well continue,” is a dangerous rationalization. One instance of drinking does not necessitate continued drinking. Family members-especially spouses-can motivate individuals to quit alcohol by approaching them with gentleness, understanding, and compassion. Once alcohol consumption is stopped, it is important to reinforce the effort with greater love and care.
Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) is a fellowship of individuals striving to overcome alcohol dependence. Many benefit from this group through mutual support, sharing experiences, and open dialogue.
Spirituality is a powerful remedy for those struggling with alcohol dependence. The renowned psychologist Carl Gustav Jung recounts that after exhausting all forms of treatment without success, guiding an alcoholic toward spirituality produced remarkable results. An alcohol-free life is a form of resurrection. Liberation from alcohol, which may have been a long-standing part of one’s life, is a prolonged and challenging process. Yet, with firm determination and perseverance, it is achievable. Once people begin to experience life without alcohol, many come to relish it deeply. It offers a renewed place in society and gives life a new meaning.
Rev. Dr. Sijon Kuzhikkattumyalil
